The subject matter inherent in gangsta rap has caused a great deal of controversy. Some gangsta rappers have been associated, or allegedly have ties with the Bloods or Crips gangs. After the national attention that Ice-T and N.W.A attracted in the late 1980s and early 1990s, gangsta rap became the most commercially lucrative subgenre of hip hop.
The genre was pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as Schoolly D and Ice-T, and was popularized in the later part of the 1980s by groups like N.W.A. Gangsta is a non-rhotic pronunciation of the word gangster. Lyrics in gangsta rap have varied from accurate reflections to fictionalized accounts. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop music that evolved from hardcore hip hop and purports to reflect urban crime and the violent lifestyles of inner-city youths. Southwest hip hop, West Coast hip hop, East Coast hip hop, Southern hip hop, Midwest hip hop, Chicano rap 1990s and 2000s, peaked in early to mid 2000s.